During the Qajar era, Iran was exposed to extensive new developments influenced by the Western world, one of the important areas of these developments was the formation of a new educational system. The arrival and establishment of the new educational system in Iran went through several stages, including sending students abroad, establishing and operating missionary schools (foreign) in Iran, establishing Dar al-Funun, and forming national schools. Each of these steps was accompanied by ups and downs and challenges. In the meantime, the establishment of missionary schools, which, of course, had the mission of religious - and sometimes political - propagation, faced more challenges than other stages. The main question of the article is, what was the reaction of the Shia religious authorities and also the agents of the Iranian educational system towards the educational and missionary activities of the missionary schools in Iran?

The article is of a descriptive-analytical type and by referring to historical documents, including the text of polls from a number of religious authorities as well as the approvals of the Supreme Council of Education, it indicates that these reactions can be divided into two groups of supporters and opponents of the activity of missionary schools, while the third group is also They set conditions for the activities of the mentioned schools.